FAQ

What is scoliosis surgery?

Scoliosis surgery is a procedure to correct abnormal curvature of the spine. The goal is to straighten the spine, stop the curve from worsening, and stabilize the spine.

When is scoliosis surgery necessary?

Surgery is usually recommended when:
• The spinal curve is greater than 45–50 degrees
• The curve is progressing
• The patient experiences pain, breathing problems, or reduced quality of life
• Bracing is no longer effective (in adolescents)

What type of scoliosis can be treated with surgery?

Surgery can treat:
• Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
• Congenital scoliosis
• Neuromuscular scoliosis
• Adult degenerative scoliosis (in selected cases)

How is the surgery performed?

The most common method is posterior spinal fusion (through the back). In some cases, an anterior approach (from the side/front) or minimally invasive techniques may be used.

How long does the surgery take?

The procedure typically takes between 4 to 8 hours, depending on the complexity and number of levels involved.

What are the risks of scoliosis surgery?

While complications are rare, potential risks include:
• Infection
• Bleeding
• Nerve injury (very rare) with a possible permanent or temporary neurologic deficit.
• Non-union or failure of bones to fuse
• Implant issues
• Pain at the graft site (if bone graft is used from the patient)

Will scoliosis surgery completely straighten my spine?

Surgery will significantly improve the curve, but perfect straightening is not always possible or necessary. The main goal is to correct the curve enough to stop progression and restore function.

How long is the hospital stay?

Most patients stay in the hospital for about 5 to 7 days, depending on their recovery.

What is the recovery time after scoliosis surgery?

• Most people return to school/work in 4 to 6 weeks
• Full recovery and fusion of the spine can take 6 to 12 months
• Physical activity is gradually increased under supervision

Will I need physical therapy?

In many cases, light physical therapy is recommended after a few weeks. Full therapy programs vary by age and the type of surgery.

Will the rods and screws stay in my back permanently?

Yes, in most cases, the hardware remains in place permanently and does not need to be removed unless there’s a complication (which is uncommon).

Can I still play sports or be active after scoliosis surgery?

Yes. After healing, most patients return to normal activities, including low-impact sports. Contact sports may be restricted for a longer period.

Will the surgery affect my height?

Yes. Because the spine is straightened, patients often gain some height, usually between 2.5 to 5 cm.

What follow-up care is required?

Regular check-ups and imaging (e.g., X-rays) will be needed for months to years to monitor healing and spinal fusion.

Is scoliosis surgery safe?

Yes, in experienced hands, scoliosis surgery is safe and effective, with high success rates and improved quality of life for most patients.

What types of spine surgery are common?

Some of the most common types include:
• Discectomy – removal of a herniated disc
• Laminectomy – removal of bone or ligament causing nerve compression
• Spinal fusion – joining two or more vertebrae to stabilize the spine
• Artificial disc replacement
• Vertebroplasty/kyphoplasty – for spinal fractures
• Scoliosis or deformity correction surgery

What is the typical recovery time after spine surgery?

Recovery times vary:
• Minor procedures: 2–6 weeks
• Fusion or deformity surgery: 3–6 months or longer
Most patients gradually return to normal activities under medical supervision.

Will I need physical therapy after surgery?

Yes, in most cases. Rehabilitation and physical therapy help restore strength, flexibility, and function. The program is tailored to your condition and surgery type.

Can I walk after spine surgery?

Yes, many patients are encouraged to get up and walk within a day or two after surgery, depending on the procedure and overall condition.

How do I prepare for spine surgery?

• Stop smoking (if applicable)
• Maintain a healthy weight
• Follow pre-op instructions (medications, fasting, etc.)
• Arrange help at home for your recovery
• Discuss any concerns with your surgical team

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